Difference between nuclear fission and nuclear fusion with. Nuclear fission and fusion involve the disintegration and combination of the elemental nucleus. Each one of the three neutrons produced in the first fission event goes on to collide with other u235 nuclei. Nuclear fusion and nuclear fission are different types of reactions that release energy due to the presence of highpowered atomic bonds between particles found within a nucleus. Nuclear fission examples chernobyl accident difference between fission and fusion. Fission nuclear chain reaction fission fission produces large amounts of heat energy and it is this heat that is captured by nuclear power plants to produce electricity. Fusion is a nuclear reaction whereby two light atomic nuclei fuse or combine to form a single larger nuclei which is lighter than the sum of the two that fuse. Fission splitting atoms get energy if the nucleus is big. Nuclear fission and fusion types of decay process rates of decay nuclear stability energy changes fission and fusion forces at work in the nucleus electrostatic. Nuclear fission, subdivision of a heavy atomic nucleus, such as that of uranium or plutonium, into two fragments of roughly equal mass.
May 05, 2007 neutron slams into the nucleus of a heavy element which causes a nuclear fission creating two ligher elements fission products and more free neutrons. If more than one neutron is effective in inducing fission in other. There are two types of nuclear reactions called nuclear fission and nuclear fusion. The harnessed nuclear energy is released in nuclear reactions. Start a chain reaction, or introduce nonradioactive isotopes to prevent one. Most people view nuclear energy as something to be afraid of, but like most things, once you understand it a lot of the fear disappears. Fission bombs atomic bombs harness the energy released in fission reactions. Nuclear fission and fusion nuclear power power can be obtained two ways. Fission is used in nuclear power reactors since it can be. If light nuclei are forced together, they will fuse with a yield of energy because the mass of the combination will be less than the sum of the masses of the individual nuclei. Nuclear fission was discovered in december 1938 by the german nuclear chemist otto hahn and his assistant fritz strassmann in berlin an atom is the smallest particle which makes up a.
Nuclear fission nuclear fission and fusion aqa gcse. Nuclear fusion produces less nuclear waste than nuclear fission and the materials are easier to obtain. Nuclear fission fission chain reaction atomic nuclei. May 07, 2018 fission and fusion are two physical processes that produce massive amounts of energy from atoms. It is summarized in figure 141, which is analogous to figure 2 for nuclear fission. The emission of several neutrons in the fission process leads to the possibility of a chain reaction if at least one of the fission neutrons induces fission in another fissile nucleus, which in turn fissions and emits neutrons to continue the chain. Difference between nuclear fission and nuclear fusion. Learning check nuclear fission a reaction in which an atomic nucleus of a radioactive element splits by bombardment from an external source, with simultaneous release of large amounts of energy, used for electric power generation nuclear fission neutrons may. Describe how a neutron can give energy to a nucleus and cause it to fission.
Fusion is the fusing of two or more lighter atoms into a larger one. Nuclear fission is a nuclear reaction in which the nucleus of an atom splits into smaller parts lighter nuclei nuclear fusion is a nuclear reaction in which two or more atomic nuclei collide at a very high energy and fuse together into a new nucleus. Fission reaction does not normally occur in nature. Fusion, in contrast, occurs when two or more smaller atoms fuse together, creating a larger, heavier atom. L 38 modern physics 3 nuclear physics what s inside the nucleus and what holds it together what is radioactivity, halflife carbon dating a free powerpoint ppt presentation displayed as a flash slide show on id. This new collision event will in turn produce three additional neutrons. Iron and nickel nuclei have the largest binding energies per. Both fission and fusion are nuclear reactions that produce energy, but the applications are not the same. Jan 30, 20 both fission and fusion are nuclear reactions that produce energy, but the applications are not the same.
Whether the reaction is exothermic or not, it is dependent on the binding energy of resulting nuclei. The nuclei of atoms contain a large amount of energy. This resource includes an 8slide powerpoint presentation with youtube video links and an extremely simple 2page note for students to copy down key points. Nuclear fission powerpoint templates ppt slides images graphics. They yield millions of times more energy than other sources through nuclear reactions. For example, our food is based on eating plants or eating things that eat plants, and plants use sunlight to. Despite having some things in common, the two can be considered polar.
Fission means to split german scientist otto hann and strassmandiscovered that when a 92u235 nucleus is bombardedby thermal neutrons,it splits up into two smalllernuclei of barium and krypton along with the releaseof three neutrons the process in which the heavy nucleus of a radioactiveatom such as uranium,thorium. The heat of combustion for propane, c 3 h 8, is 2202 kj per mole. A process in which two or more lighter atoms combine to create a heavy nucleus, is called nuclear fusion. Nuclear fusion ppt free download as powerpoint presentation. For the most part, we restrict the discussion to magnetic confinement fusion. The process is accompanied by the release of a large amount of energy in nuclear fission the nucleus of an atom breaks up into two lighter nuclei. Both are nuclear processes by which atoms are changed to produce energy. Less nuclear waste fusion reactors will not produce highlevel nuclear wastes like their fission counterparts, so disposal will be less of a problem. Nuclear fission nuclear fission is the process of splitting of a large atom into two or more smaller atoms. Hybrid nuclear fusionfission hybrid nuclear power is a proposed means of generating power by use of a combination of nuclear fusion and fission processes the basic idea is to use highenergy fast neutrons from a fusion reactor to trigger fission in otherwise nonfissile fuels like u238 or th232. Success criteriastate the meaning of nuclear fission and chain reactions. Calculate the amounts of propane and oxygen required to provide 10 16 j energy if the fusion reaction. The fission process often produces gamma photons, and releases a very large amount of energy even by the energetic standards of radioactive decay nuclear fission of heavy elements was.
Fusion reactions the concept of nuclear fusion has been described in chapter 12. It is when an atom splits apart into smaller atoms. In a nuclear reactor, a neutron is absorbed into a nucleus typically uranium235. Explain how nuclear fission can be used to generate electricity. Fusion fission the splitting of a nucleus into smaller fragments when bombarded with neutrons. When the energy is released in a slow controlled manner, it can be used to generate electricity to power our homes. Nuclear fission and nuclear fusion are different types of reactions that release energy when exothermic due to the formation of nuclei with higher nuclear binding energy. Nuclear fission and fusion nuclear fission and fusion nuclear power power can be obtained two ways. As the nuclei of two light atoms are brought closer to each other, they become increasingly destabilized, due to the electric repulsion of their positive charges. In case of nuclear fission large radioactive waste is produced and disposal of radioactive waste is a complicated problem. In fission, an atom is split into two or more smaller, lighter atoms. What is nuclear fusion nuclear power for everybody. Nuclear fission may take place spontaneously or may be induced by the excitation of the nucleus.
The difference between nuclear fission and nuclear fusion is that a heavy nucleus splits into two small nuclei in nuclear fission while two heavy nuclei combine to form a heavy nucleus in nuclear fusion. The bombarding particle may either be an alpha particle, a gammaray photon, a. The main difference between nuclear fission and nuclear fusion is that a nuclear reaction in which a heavy nucleus is broken into smaller nuclei, by releasing neutrons and energy, is called nuclear fission. Neutron slams into the nucleus of a heavy element which causes a nuclear fission creating two ligher elements fission products and more free neutrons. Nuclear fusion ppt nuclear fusion fusion power free 30. When the energy is released all at once, a chain reaction. Nuclear fission nuclear fission fission chain reactions and their control. The process gives off a lot of energy, and is used in nuclear weapons and nuclear reactors. Nuclear fission and fusion difference and comparison diffen.
Fission is the splitting of a large atom into two or more smaller ones. Fusion nuclear fusion involves forcing two relatively small nuclei to combine into a new, heavier atom produces 3 to 10 times as much energy as fission nuclear fusion powers the sun and stars requires extremely high temperatures. Explain how a nuclear reactor works and how control rods can be used to slow down the reaction. Nuclear fission vs nuclear fusion ppt nuclear fusion. Fission reactors nuclear fission and fusion bbc bitesize. In nuclear physics and nuclear chemistry, nuclear fission is a nuclear reaction or a radioactive decay process in which the nucleus of an atom splits into two or more smaller, lighter nuclei. The process may take place spontaneously in some cases or may be induced by the.
Nuclear fission vs nuclear fusion ppt free download as powerpoint presentation. Nuclear fusion is the lifeblood of stars, and an important process in understanding how the universe works. In the case of nuclear fission, an atom divides into two or more smaller or lighter atoms. Explain how a chain reaction works, and describe the requirements for a sustained chain reaction large enough to make a bomb. Click above to view our full fission vs fusion infographic.
The fission process often produces gamma photons, and releases a very large amount of energy even by the energetic standards of radioactive decay. Fission can be used good a controlled chain reaction in a reactor used in nuclear power plants to produce electricity. One class of nuclear weapon is a fission bomb definition takes little energy to split two atoms in a fission reaction hydrogen bomb, which. Nuclear fission is a nuclear reaction in which the nucleus of an atom splits into smaller parts lighter nuclei. Ppt nuclear fission and fusion powerpoint presentation. The lost mass is called the mass defect, and is converted to energy according to einsteins equation. Nuclear changes occur with small but measurable losses of mass. The process is what powers our own sun, and therefore is the root source of all the energy on earth. There are great challenges that are associated with fusion, but there are also very large possible benefits a coal power plant uses 9000 tons of coal a day to produce mw and emits many pollutants including 30,000 tons of carbon dioxide a fusion power plant would use 2. Releasing this energy would free the world from having to use fossil. Each neutron can trigger several fission events, multiplying the energy released. The binding energy that holds together a molecule is harvested in fission and fusion reactions. The process is accompanied by the release of a large amount of energy. One large nucleus of a particular isotope breaks into two.
You can check out the difference between the two in this infographic below. The reaction with nuclear fusion, there are many types of reactions that can occur, but deuteriumtritium is the most common reaction and is the reaction used to create energy is the jet and iter. Difference between nuclear fission and nuclear fusion physics. Understand the occurrence of fission and fusion from the aspect of binding energy per nucleon. In fact one mole of oxygen 16 gram is the equivalent to burning 420,000 kg of coal. Presenting this set of slides with name nuclear fission vs nuclear fusion showing uranium deuterium and tritium. Fission and fusion are two physical processes that produce massive amounts of energy from atoms. When an atom is split a huge amount of energy is released. Nuclear fission is the splitting of a large atomic nucleus into smaller nuclei. Nuclear fission fission chain reactions and their control. A free powerpoint ppt presentation displayed as a flash slide show on id. The reaction that involves the change in the identity or characteristics of an atomic nucleus, induced by bombarding it with an energetic particle is known as a nuclear reaction.
Nuclearnuclear fusionfusion andand fissionfission labastida, sean clark luinor a. Whats the difference between nuclear fission and fusion. In both fusion and fission, nuclear processes alter atoms to generate energy. Fission is the splitting of a heavy, unstable nucleus into two lighter nuclei, and fusion is the process where two light nuclei combine together releasing vast amounts of energy. Both fission and fusion nuclear reactions are chain reactions. Nuclear fusion is a nuclear reaction in which two or more. Apr 10, 2020 nuclear fission, subdivision of a heavy atomic nucleus, such as that of uranium or plutonium, into two fragments of roughly equal mass. Fission means to divide remember that fission has 2 ss, therefore it splits into two parts. Fusion, in contrast, occurs when two or more smaller atoms fuse together, creating a larger. Nuclear fission was discovered in december 1938 by the german nuclear chemist otto hahn and his assistant fritz strassmann in berlin. Nuclear fusion ppt nuclear fusion fusion power free. In nuclear physics, nuclear fusion is a nuclear reaction in which two or more atomic nuclei collide at a very high energy and fuse together into a new nucleus, e. In addition, the wastes will not be of weaponsgrade nuclear materials as is the case in fission reactors.
690 1253 607 1010 6 188 572 898 561 1016 1185 1192 649 314 695 1083 524 1355 63 430 960 1407 1229 1277 660 1001 1297 1390 35 334 340 878 1324 920 446 1588 473 1576 366 436 230 1086 1265 12 618 1430 1412 81